a :jgF@sdZddlZddlmZddlmZmZgdZGdddZ dd Z ed d%d dZ d&dddddZ ee d dd'd d dddZ ddZd(ddZeeddd)ddZddZedddZdd d!d"Zeeddd d d#d$ZdS)*z Utilities that manipulate strides to achieve desirable effects. An explanation of strides can be found in the :ref:`arrays.ndarray`. Functions --------- .. autosummary:: :toctree: generated/ N)normalize_axis_tuple)array_function_dispatch set_module) broadcast_tobroadcast_arraysbroadcast_shapesc@seZdZdZdddZdS) DummyArrayzDummy object that just exists to hang __array_interface__ dictionaries and possibly keep alive a reference to a base array. NcCs||_||_dSN)__array_interface__base)self interfacer rG/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/numpy/lib/_stride_tricks_impl.py__init__szDummyArray.__init__)N)__name__ __module__ __qualname____doc__rrrrrrsrcCs4t|t|ur0|jt|d}|jr0|||S)N)type)rviewZ__array_finalize__)Zoriginal_arrayZ new_arrayrrr_maybe_view_as_subclasss  rznumpy.lib.stride_tricksFTcCs~tj|d|d}t|j}|dur.t||d<|durBt||d<tt||d}|j|_t||}|j j rz|szd|j _ |S)a Create a view into the array with the given shape and strides. .. warning:: This function has to be used with extreme care, see notes. Parameters ---------- x : ndarray Array to create a new. shape : sequence of int, optional The shape of the new array. Defaults to ``x.shape``. strides : sequence of int, optional The strides of the new array. Defaults to ``x.strides``. subok : bool, optional .. versionadded:: 1.10 If True, subclasses are preserved. writeable : bool, optional .. versionadded:: 1.12 If set to False, the returned array will always be readonly. Otherwise it will be writable if the original array was. It is advisable to set this to False if possible (see Notes). Returns ------- view : ndarray See also -------- broadcast_to : broadcast an array to a given shape. reshape : reshape an array. lib.stride_tricks.sliding_window_view : userfriendly and safe function for a creation of sliding window views. Notes ----- ``as_strided`` creates a view into the array given the exact strides and shape. This means it manipulates the internal data structure of ndarray and, if done incorrectly, the array elements can point to invalid memory and can corrupt results or crash your program. It is advisable to always use the original ``x.strides`` when calculating new strides to avoid reliance on a contiguous memory layout. Furthermore, arrays created with this function often contain self overlapping memory, so that two elements are identical. Vectorized write operations on such arrays will typically be unpredictable. They may even give different results for small, large, or transposed arrays. Since writing to these arrays has to be tested and done with great care, you may want to use ``writeable=False`` to avoid accidental write operations. For these reasons it is advisable to avoid ``as_strided`` when possible. Ncopysubokshapestrides)r F) nparraydictr tupleZasarrayrdtyperflags writeable)xrrrr#r rrrrr as_strided+s=     r%)rr#cCs|fSr r)r$ window_shapeaxisrr#rrr_sliding_window_view_dispatcher|sr()modulec sLt|rt|n|f}tjd|dt|}t|dkrHtd|durttj}t|t|krtdt|djdn>t |jdd }t|t|krtd t|d t|d j tfd d|D}t j }t ||D]2\}} ||| krtd||| d8<qt||} t|| ||dS)a Create a sliding window view into the array with the given window shape. Also known as rolling or moving window, the window slides across all dimensions of the array and extracts subsets of the array at all window positions. .. versionadded:: 1.20.0 Parameters ---------- x : array_like Array to create the sliding window view from. window_shape : int or tuple of int Size of window over each axis that takes part in the sliding window. If `axis` is not present, must have same length as the number of input array dimensions. Single integers `i` are treated as if they were the tuple `(i,)`. axis : int or tuple of int, optional Axis or axes along which the sliding window is applied. By default, the sliding window is applied to all axes and `window_shape[i]` will refer to axis `i` of `x`. If `axis` is given as a `tuple of int`, `window_shape[i]` will refer to the axis `axis[i]` of `x`. Single integers `i` are treated as if they were the tuple `(i,)`. subok : bool, optional If True, sub-classes will be passed-through, otherwise the returned array will be forced to be a base-class array (default). writeable : bool, optional When true, allow writing to the returned view. The default is false, as this should be used with caution: the returned view contains the same memory location multiple times, so writing to one location will cause others to change. Returns ------- view : ndarray Sliding window view of the array. The sliding window dimensions are inserted at the end, and the original dimensions are trimmed as required by the size of the sliding window. That is, ``view.shape = x_shape_trimmed + window_shape``, where ``x_shape_trimmed`` is ``x.shape`` with every entry reduced by one less than the corresponding window size. See Also -------- lib.stride_tricks.as_strided: A lower-level and less safe routine for creating arbitrary views from custom shape and strides. broadcast_to: broadcast an array to a given shape. Notes ----- For many applications using a sliding window view can be convenient, but potentially very slow. Often specialized solutions exist, for example: - `scipy.signal.fftconvolve` - filtering functions in `scipy.ndimage` - moving window functions provided by `bottleneck `_. As a rough estimate, a sliding window approach with an input size of `N` and a window size of `W` will scale as `O(N*W)` where frequently a special algorithm can achieve `O(N)`. That means that the sliding window variant for a window size of 100 can be a 100 times slower than a more specialized version. Nevertheless, for small window sizes, when no custom algorithm exists, or as a prototyping and developing tool, this function can be a good solution. Examples -------- >>> from numpy.lib.stride_tricks import sliding_window_view >>> x = np.arange(6) >>> x.shape (6,) >>> v = sliding_window_view(x, 3) >>> v.shape (4, 3) >>> v array([[0, 1, 2], [1, 2, 3], [2, 3, 4], [3, 4, 5]]) This also works in more dimensions, e.g. >>> i, j = np.ogrid[:3, :4] >>> x = 10*i + j >>> x.shape (3, 4) >>> x array([[ 0, 1, 2, 3], [10, 11, 12, 13], [20, 21, 22, 23]]) >>> shape = (2,2) >>> v = sliding_window_view(x, shape) >>> v.shape (2, 3, 2, 2) >>> v array([[[[ 0, 1], [10, 11]], [[ 1, 2], [11, 12]], [[ 2, 3], [12, 13]]], [[[10, 11], [20, 21]], [[11, 12], [21, 22]], [[12, 13], [22, 23]]]]) The axis can be specified explicitly: >>> v = sliding_window_view(x, 3, 0) >>> v.shape (1, 4, 3) >>> v array([[[ 0, 10, 20], [ 1, 11, 21], [ 2, 12, 22], [ 3, 13, 23]]]) The same axis can be used several times. In that case, every use reduces the corresponding original dimension: >>> v = sliding_window_view(x, (2, 3), (1, 1)) >>> v.shape (3, 1, 2, 3) >>> v array([[[[ 0, 1, 2], [ 1, 2, 3]]], [[[10, 11, 12], [11, 12, 13]]], [[[20, 21, 22], [21, 22, 23]]]]) Combining with stepped slicing (`::step`), this can be used to take sliding views which skip elements: >>> x = np.arange(7) >>> sliding_window_view(x, 5)[:, ::2] array([[0, 2, 4], [1, 3, 5], [2, 4, 6]]) or views which move by multiple elements >>> x = np.arange(7) >>> sliding_window_view(x, 3)[::2, :] array([[0, 1, 2], [2, 3, 4], [4, 5, 6]]) A common application of `sliding_window_view` is the calculation of running statistics. The simplest example is the `moving average `_: >>> x = np.arange(6) >>> x.shape (6,) >>> v = sliding_window_view(x, 3) >>> v.shape (4, 3) >>> v array([[0, 1, 2], [1, 2, 3], [2, 3, 4], [3, 4, 5]]) >>> moving_average = v.mean(axis=-1) >>> moving_average array([1., 2., 3., 4.]) Note that a sliding window approach is often **not** optimal (see Notes). Nrrz-`window_shape` cannot contain negative valueszOSince axis is `None`, must provide window_shape for all dimensions of `x`; got z' window_shape elements and `x.ndim` is .T)Zallow_duplicatez8Must provide matching length window_shape and axis; got z window_shape elements and z axes elements.c3s|]}j|VqdSr )r).0axr$rr Oz&sliding_window_view..z4window shape cannot be larger than input array shape)rrrr#)riterabler rany ValueErrorrangendimlenrrlistrzipr%) r$r&r'rr#Zwindow_shape_arrayZ out_stridesZx_shape_trimmedr,dimZ out_shaperr-rsliding_window_viewsH8      r:cCst|rt|n|f}tj|d|d}|s:|jr:tdtdd|DrTtdg}tj|fgd|dg|dd }||jd }Wdn1s0Yt ||}|s|j j rd |j _ d |j _ |S) Nrz/cannot broadcast a non-scalar to a scalar arraycss|]}|dkVqdS)rNr)r+sizerrrr.br/z _broadcast_to..z4all elements of broadcast shape must be non-negative)Z multi_indexZrefs_okZ zerosize_okreadonlyC)r"Zop_flagsZ itershapeorderrT)rr1r rrr3r2ZnditerZitviewsrr"Z_writeable_no_warnr#Z_warn_on_write)rrrr<extrasit broadcastresultrrr _broadcast_to]s$ (  rCcCs|fSr rrrrrrr_broadcast_to_dispatchertsrEnumpycCst|||ddS)aaBroadcast an array to a new shape. Parameters ---------- array : array_like The array to broadcast. shape : tuple or int The shape of the desired array. A single integer ``i`` is interpreted as ``(i,)``. subok : bool, optional If True, then sub-classes will be passed-through, otherwise the returned array will be forced to be a base-class array (default). Returns ------- broadcast : array A readonly view on the original array with the given shape. It is typically not contiguous. Furthermore, more than one element of a broadcasted array may refer to a single memory location. Raises ------ ValueError If the array is not compatible with the new shape according to NumPy's broadcasting rules. See Also -------- broadcast broadcast_arrays broadcast_shapes Notes ----- .. versionadded:: 1.10.0 Examples -------- >>> x = np.array([1, 2, 3]) >>> np.broadcast_to(x, (3, 3)) array([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]]) Trr<rCrDrrrrxs.rcGsXtj|dd}tdt|dD].}td|j}tj|g|||dR}q"|jS)ztReturns the shape of the arrays that would result from broadcasting the supplied arrays against each other. N r)rrAr4r6rr)argsbposrrr_broadcast_shapes   rNcGsdd|D}t|S)a Broadcast the input shapes into a single shape. :ref:`Learn more about broadcasting here `. .. versionadded:: 1.20.0 Parameters ---------- *args : tuples of ints, or ints The shapes to be broadcast against each other. Returns ------- tuple Broadcasted shape. Raises ------ ValueError If the shapes are not compatible and cannot be broadcast according to NumPy's broadcasting rules. See Also -------- broadcast broadcast_arrays broadcast_to Examples -------- >>> np.broadcast_shapes((1, 2), (3, 1), (3, 2)) (3, 2) >>> np.broadcast_shapes((6, 7), (5, 6, 1), (7,), (5, 1, 7)) (5, 6, 7) cSsg|]}tj|gdqS))r!)rempty)r+r$rrr r/z$broadcast_shapes..)rN)rKZarraysrrrrs'rrcGs|Sr rrrKrrr_broadcast_arrays_dispatchersrScsPtfdd|D}t|tfdd|Dr8|Stfdd|DS)aJ Broadcast any number of arrays against each other. Parameters ---------- *args : array_likes The arrays to broadcast. subok : bool, optional If True, then sub-classes will be passed-through, otherwise the returned arrays will be forced to be a base-class array (default). Returns ------- broadcasted : tuple of arrays These arrays are views on the original arrays. They are typically not contiguous. Furthermore, more than one element of a broadcasted array may refer to a single memory location. If you need to write to the arrays, make copies first. While you can set the ``writable`` flag True, writing to a single output value may end up changing more than one location in the output array. .. deprecated:: 1.17 The output is currently marked so that if written to, a deprecation warning will be emitted. A future version will set the ``writable`` flag False so writing to it will raise an error. See Also -------- broadcast broadcast_to broadcast_shapes Examples -------- >>> x = np.array([[1,2,3]]) >>> y = np.array([[4],[5]]) >>> np.broadcast_arrays(x, y) (array([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]]), array([[4, 4, 4], [5, 5, 5]])) Here is a useful idiom for getting contiguous copies instead of non-contiguous views. >>> [np.array(a) for a in np.broadcast_arrays(x, y)] [array([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]]), array([[4, 4, 4], [5, 5, 5]])] c3s|]}tj|ddVqdS)Nr)rr)r+_mrQrrr.%r/z#broadcast_arrays..c3s|]}|jkVqdSr rr+rrUrrr.)r/c3s|]}t|ddVqdS)FrGNrHrVrrrrr.-s)r rNallrRrrWrrs<r)NNFT)N)N)N)F)rrFrZnumpy._core.numericrZnumpy._core.overridesrr__all__rrr%r(r:rCrErrNrrSrrrrrs8     P Z   0 *